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Achille Hirsch ([[1847]]-[[1927]]) was a watch merchant active in [[La Chaux-de-Fonds]] around the turn of the century. Originally from Alsace, Hirsch emigrated to La Chaux-de-Fonds around [[1874]] to become involved in watchmaking there. He went on to build a factory and to fund the [[Nouvelle Fabrique de Tavannes]] with his cousin, [[Salomon Hirsch]], both of which supplied his Vigilant and Invar brands. Hirsch was an early proponent of mechanization in watchmaking, putting him at odds with the establishment in La Chaux-de-Fonds, but it proved extremely successful for him. Hirsch was also deeply involved with promotion of social activity in La Chaux-de-Fonds, as was his wife Rachel. | Achille Hirsch ([[1847]]-[[1927]]) was a watch merchant active in [[La Chaux-de-Fonds]] around the turn of the century. Originally from Alsace, Hirsch emigrated to La Chaux-de-Fonds around [[1874]] to become involved in watchmaking there. He went on to build a factory and to fund the [[Nouvelle Fabrique de Tavannes]] with his cousin, [[Salomon Hirsch]], both of which supplied his Vigilant and Invar brands. Hirsch was an early proponent of mechanization in watchmaking, putting him at odds with the establishment in La Chaux-de-Fonds, but it proved extremely successful for him. Hirsch was also deeply involved with promotion of social activity in La Chaux-de-Fonds, as was his wife Rachel. | ||
Although Achille Hirsch likely entered the watch trade soon after arriving in La Chaux-de-Fonds in [[1874]], the first definitive mention of him in the business is a listing for A. and S. Hirsch in [[Indicateur Davoine]] in [[1877]] as a "commissioner and broker" of watches at Rue de la Serre 18. The "S" is likely his cousin, Salomon Hirsch, who married his sister. A. and S. Hirsch continued to do this for a few years at Rue Léopold-Robert 24 before, in [[1883]], becoming a true watchmaking company there. The next step for the company came in [[1886]] as they moved to Léopold-Robert 32 as A. S. Hirsch & Cie. | |||
By [[1900]], Hirsch was focused on the exclusive sale of the [[Unicum]] brand pocket alarm clock and also sold watches with 6 different dials under the Vigilant, Tosca, and Normal brands. A new gold plated watch later that year was branded Corona, with Velox, Climax, Rugby, and Principal also used. By [[1901]], Hirsch aded the Omnibus brand as well. | Salomon left the business by [[1890]], and it was listed simply as Achille Hirsch. He moved to Rue Daniel-JeanRichard 9 by [[1894]], and the firm began to steadily grow. By [[1897]] the company produced steel and electro-plated gold watches using the Vigilant brand and had just introduced a new watch under the Tosca name. In [[1898]], Achille Hirsch is listed at a new facility at Rue Daniel-JeanRichard 21, and by [[1900]], Hirsch was focused on the exclusive sale of the [[Unicum]] brand pocket alarm clock and also sold watches with 6 different dials under the Vigilant, Tosca, and Normal brands. A new gold plated watch later that year was branded Corona, with Velox, Climax, Rugby, and Principal also used. By [[1901]], Hirsch aded the Omnibus brand as well. | ||
By [[1910]] the company was known as Achille Hirsch & Fils as his sons joined management, and it was Fils de Achille Hirsch & Co. by [[1916]]. It was also using the Montres Invar and Vigilant Watch Manufactory names by this time, along with Crêtets Watch Co. But this company was deleted from the register in [[1926]]. | By [[1910]] the company was known as Achille Hirsch & Fils as his sons joined management, and it was Fils de Achille Hirsch & Co. by [[1913]]. By [[1916]] the company had relocated to Rue Léopold-Robert 63. It was also using the Montres Invar and Vigilant Watch Manufactory names by this time, along with Crêtets Watch Co. But this company was deleted from the register in [[1926]]. | ||
By [[1922]] the company used a new name: Usines de Fils de Achille Hirsch & Co. SA. This reflected that the company now operated multiple factories, including the large Léopold-Robert 94 office and the [[Nouvelle Fabrique de Tavannes]]. | |||
==Cervine SA== | ==Cervine SA== | ||
Revision as of 00:50, 2 August 2022
Achille Hirsch was a watchmaker in La Chaux-de-Fonds active from at least 1890 through the 1930s. The company produced watches using the Vigilant and Invar brands, later adopting these names for the company. They were also closely associated with the Nouvelle Fabrique de Tavannes, which bore the Vigilant Watch brand name on the facade.
Achille Hirsch
Achille Hirsch (1847-1927) was a watch merchant active in La Chaux-de-Fonds around the turn of the century. Originally from Alsace, Hirsch emigrated to La Chaux-de-Fonds around 1874 to become involved in watchmaking there. He went on to build a factory and to fund the Nouvelle Fabrique de Tavannes with his cousin, Salomon Hirsch, both of which supplied his Vigilant and Invar brands. Hirsch was an early proponent of mechanization in watchmaking, putting him at odds with the establishment in La Chaux-de-Fonds, but it proved extremely successful for him. Hirsch was also deeply involved with promotion of social activity in La Chaux-de-Fonds, as was his wife Rachel.
Although Achille Hirsch likely entered the watch trade soon after arriving in La Chaux-de-Fonds in 1874, the first definitive mention of him in the business is a listing for A. and S. Hirsch in Indicateur Davoine in 1877 as a "commissioner and broker" of watches at Rue de la Serre 18. The "S" is likely his cousin, Salomon Hirsch, who married his sister. A. and S. Hirsch continued to do this for a few years at Rue Léopold-Robert 24 before, in 1883, becoming a true watchmaking company there. The next step for the company came in 1886 as they moved to Léopold-Robert 32 as A. S. Hirsch & Cie.
Salomon left the business by 1890, and it was listed simply as Achille Hirsch. He moved to Rue Daniel-JeanRichard 9 by 1894, and the firm began to steadily grow. By 1897 the company produced steel and electro-plated gold watches using the Vigilant brand and had just introduced a new watch under the Tosca name. In 1898, Achille Hirsch is listed at a new facility at Rue Daniel-JeanRichard 21, and by 1900, Hirsch was focused on the exclusive sale of the Unicum brand pocket alarm clock and also sold watches with 6 different dials under the Vigilant, Tosca, and Normal brands. A new gold plated watch later that year was branded Corona, with Velox, Climax, Rugby, and Principal also used. By 1901, Hirsch aded the Omnibus brand as well.
By 1910 the company was known as Achille Hirsch & Fils as his sons joined management, and it was Fils de Achille Hirsch & Co. by 1913. By 1916 the company had relocated to Rue Léopold-Robert 63. It was also using the Montres Invar and Vigilant Watch Manufactory names by this time, along with Crêtets Watch Co. But this company was deleted from the register in 1926.
By 1922 the company used a new name: Usines de Fils de Achille Hirsch & Co. SA. This reflected that the company now operated multiple factories, including the large Léopold-Robert 94 office and the Nouvelle Fabrique de Tavannes.
Cervine SA
Achille Hirsch used the Vigilant brand as early as 1897 and the Invar name appeared by 1916. But the company structure changed after the firm's 1926 struggles.
Cervine SA was established in La Chaux-de-Fonds by 1930, specializing at first in chronographs, stopwatches, and high-precision watches. The firm used a leaping stag in an octagon as its logo. It seems that the new company was willing to produce any type of watch, with their 1932 ad specifying "cheap lines for export" and "call for anything you do not find elsewhere." In 1933 they offered a complete line of jump hour watches then in vogue. The company was located at Promenade 2 in La Chaux-de-Fonds from 1930 through 1933 and Commerce 11-13 until 1960. The company moved to Commerce 15 after this.
In 1944, Cervine was claiming Vigilant (along with Metoda, La Vogue, and Ruby) as brand names.
Cervina SA remained in production through the 1960s, but by 1970 the Cervin and Cervine brands and assets were owned by Cie. des Montres Invar.
Nouvelle Fabrique de Tavannes
- See Also: Nouvelle Fabrique de Tavannes
In 1900 the wealthy residents of Tavannes decided to build a new factory ("nouvelle fabrique") for lease to an industrious watchmaker. They had done the same a decade earlier with great success, resulting in the massive Tavannes Watch Co, and hoped to repeat this closer to the center of town. The factory was leased to Salomon Hirsch in 1901 and produced watches for Achille Hirsch. Indeed, it bore the "Vigilant Watch Manufactory" name across the facade! Salomon Hirsch purchased the factory in 1906 from the residents for 100,000 francs, minus 15,000 which had been committed to expand it.
The Nouvelle Fabrique de Tavannes would be a major site of production for Achille Hirsch through the war, and would remain connected with the company through a temporary post-war shutdown in 1920 until it was bankrupt in 1929.
Montres Invar
Compagnie des Montres Invar was registered by 1903, and Hirsch transferred ownership of some of his watch designs to this company that year.
By 1930 the company had been renamed Montres Invar. The company advertised itself as "Précision Chronométrique" ("Chronometric Precision") in stylish poster-style artwork produced by the Mettler company. It was still officially called Société Anonyme des Usines Fils de Achille Hirsch & Co. and was located on Rue Léopold-Robert 94-96 in La Chaux-de-Fonds. Montres Invar is named for the nickel-iron alloy of the same name, which was commonly used in balance wheels.
The company still used the Vigilant, Minimax, Apt, Metoda, and Starter brands as well, and specialized in export watches for the Americas, including Latin America, and the Far East.
Brands used in later years by Compagnie des Montres Invar included Amora, Anna, Aristocrat, Catedral, Dandy, Elyon/Immerfort, Grandmaster, La Vogue, Metoda, Nonesuch, Pathfinder, Reis, Stentor, Tontina, Ultonia, Uptown, Utmost, Velox, and Worthy. The company used a key or a stylized V (for Velox) as logos.
The company was located at Avenue Léopold-Robert 79 by 1970. Brands used then include Amora, Anna, Anona, Aristocrat, Aristocratic, Catedral, Cervin, Cervine, Cervus, Cleo, Dandy, Dimetron, Elyon, Ergane, Evergo, Everstrong, Everun, Gold Leaf, Grandmaster,
Compagnie des Montres Invar of La Chaux-de-Fonds was liquidated in 1992. The company was then located at Rue du Grenier 24 with the administrator listed as Salomon Hirsch. It had been listed there since 1985, when it was managed by Simone Hirsch.