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| Henri Thiébaud served on the board of [[Martel]] and [[Zenith]] in the 1960s. | | Henri Thiébaud served on the board of [[Martel]] and [[Zenith]] in the 1960s and may be the same as [[Henri Gustave Thiebaud]] of [[Gruen]] and [[Frey & Co]]. |
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| It is unclear of Henri Thiébaud of [[Buttes]] is the same person as Henri Thiébaud of [[Brot-Dessous]]. These villages are located on opposite ends of the [[Val-de-Travers]] but are less than 20 km apart. Brot-Dessous is particularly close to [[Ponts-de-Martel]], home of [[Martel Watch Co]] and [[Le Locle]], home of [[Zenith]], is only a short distance to the north. Although it is likely that these were the same person, it is also possible that two different men of the same name, and coming from the same valley, were involved in the companies listed here. Both men apparently also lived in [[Saint-Blaise]], a municipality along the lake shore just east of [[Neuchâtel]], later in their lives. | | It is unclear of Henri Thiébaud of [[Buttes]] is the same person as Henri Thiébaud of [[Brot-Dessous]]. These villages are located on opposite ends of the [[Val-de-Travers]] but are less than 20 km apart. Brot-Dessous is particularly close to [[Ponts-de-Martel]], home of [[Martel Watch Co]] and [[Le Locle]], home of [[Zenith]], is only a short distance to the north. Although it is likely that these were the same person, it is also possible that two different men of the same name, and coming from the same valley, were involved in the companies listed here. Both men apparently also lived in [[Saint-Blaise]], a municipality along the lake shore just east of [[Neuchâtel]], later in their lives. |
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| Alfred-Henri Thiébaud, also of Brot-Dessous, was made a director of [[Machines Dixi]] in [[1941]]. | | Alfred-Henri Thiébaud, also of Brot-Dessous, was made a director of [[Machines Dixi]] in [[1941]]. |
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| ==Henri-Gustave Thiebaud of Gruen==
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| Henri Gustave Thiebaud was the director of the Swiss Gruen (and Frey) watchmaking company.
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| According to Gruen press materials, Henri Thiebaud (sic) was born September 18, [[1906]] in [[Saint-Imier]] into a watchmaking family. This conflicts with corporate registrations, which show him as being of [[Buttes]], a small village near [[Fleurier]] in the [[Val-de-Travers]] about 60 km to the west. It is likely that this refers to the town of his youth, since Gruen press also claims that his father was a foreman at [[Longines]]. Like his father and grandfather, who was manager of the [[Courvoisier Frères]] watch factory, Henri Thiébaud would spend his career in the watchmaking industry.
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| Young Henri studied in nearby [[La Chaux-de-Fonds]] and attended the Technicum there, earning a watchmaking diploma and a first prize at the Neuchâtel Observatory. After being injured as a military aviator in [[1926]], Thiébaud entered the watchmaking business at [[Frey & Co]] in [[Bienne]].
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| Thiebaud soon rose to prominence at [[Gruen]], where he became technical director and board member in May [[1937]] and then general manager in August [[1938]]. He was noted as being from Buttes in 1937. He developed the first [[baguette]] movement for serial production, invented the first [[automatic winding]] system for a non-round movement, and invented the Curvex.
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| Henri Thiébaud married Rachel Monnat (or Monat) In [[1935]] and their daughter Francine was born in [[1936]]. She died in [[1968]] at just 32 years of age, and her mother Rachel died in [[1980]].
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| According to [http://elgintime.blogspot.com/2014/11/gruen-swiss-plant-official-flies-here.html The American Horlogist (April 1945)], "Thiebaud is the inventor of the famous Gruen Curvex and Veri-thin watches" and was "world famous." He managed the Gruen factory in Switzerland through World War II, corresponding with Benjamin S. Katz, who operated the Cincinnati branch of the firm, by telephone and then by letter through the war. It says "Mr. Thiebaud is descended from an old and distinguished watch family. His grandfather was manager of a watch factory in Europe, furnishing exquisite timepieces to the Russian Imperial Court. His father succeeded him in the manufacture of unusual timepieces. Thiebaud himself was educated in France and later at a technical university. He received a special diploma and was awarded first prize at the Observatory of Nauchatel. An aviator in the first World War, Thiebaud's military career was ended by a plane crash which caused a lung lasion, He has aided the Swiss government materially during the present war period by continuing to train technicians, and has personally assisted in aiding thousands of war refuges who have sought a haven in Switzerland." It further says that Thiebaud visited Cincinnati in December 1937, addressing the Gruen Sales Convention, and that he was accompanied in 1945 by his wife and one daughter, Francine.
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| On December 24, [[1943]], Henri Thiébaud from [[Buttes]] is made president of the [[Gruen]] fund for workers. On November 7, [[1947]], Henri Thiébaud from [[Buttes]], living in [[Biel]], becomes president of [[Uhrenfabrik Frey]]. The [[Gruen]] Watch Export Co. was established on December 19, [[1950]] by Jack-André Léal of Canada along with Rachel and Henri Thiébaud to represent the brand around the world. Léal was removed from the firm in [[1957]] and Henri and Rachel Thiébaud departed in [[1961]] as Gruen was taken over.
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| Henri Thiebaud (sic) is noted in the [[1955]] court case of [https://casetext.com/case/united-states-v-watchmakers-of-switzerland-inf-c United States vs. Watchmakers of Switzerland] as Managing Director of Gruen SA, and indirect director of their American subsidiary. Thiebaud was officially made chairman of the board of Gruen Watch Manufacturing Co. SA in May [[1955]].
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| According to a [[1951]] announcement, H.-G. Thiébaud was responsible for setting up Gruen Watch Export Co. SA in Geneva that year. This new company, managed by Jacques Léal, attempted to bring the Gruen brand to markets outside North America, and would exist separately from Gruen in Cincinnati and in Bienne but would be owned by the company. This was a time of growth and change for Gruen and the world watch market, and the firm soon faced Congressional scrutiny in the United States for restricting free trade and enforcing Swiss cartel rules on its American subsidiaries.
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| Henri Thiébaud of Chemin du Clos 1 in Bienne receives several patents between [[1950]] and [[1957]] and trademarks "Isoflex" in [[1953]]. Thiebaud receives several patents with Frey & Co. in [[1956]]. Henri Thiébaud, now of [[Bellmund]] in [[Canton Berne]] trademarks "Girovision" on May 22, [[1957]].
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| Henri and his wife Rachel appear to have been owners of Gruen Watch Manufacturing Co. SA in the 1950s, as both were removed from management in June [[1960]] when the company was taken over by Alfred Pestalozzi and Jean Tripet.
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| Henri Thiébaud from Buttes, who lived in Saint-Blaise, was made an administrator of [[Zenith|Fabriques de Montres Zénith SA]] of [[Le Locle]] in December [[1961]]. The timing, locations, and responsibilities suggest that this is the same man who until the previous year ran Gruen. But this connection is not mentioned in later biographies. He joined the company the same day that [[Aurèle Maire]] from Brot-Dessous, who lived in Bienne, was made technical director, and these men appear to be connected professionally. Zenith purchased the [[Martel Watch Co.]] at this time, and in October [[1962]], Henri Thiébaud of Saint-Blaise (though noted as being from Brot-Dessous) becomes a director of Martel alongside [[Robert Maire]], brother of Aurèle. A [[1969]] filing for Frey & Co. notes that board chairman Henri Thiébaud has moved to Saint-Blaise and director Aurèle Maire to La Chaux-de-Fonds. Henri Thiébaud is removed from the board of Zenith in July [[1972]] as the American Zenith company takes over.
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| When the trans-Atlantic Gruen firm collapsed, the Bienne factory was sold to [[Rolex]]. Thiebaud built a villa south of Bienne in the village of Bellmund, which is [https://www.laprairiebellmund.ch/stifter-und-stiftungsgruendung/ home to the Thiébaud-Frey Foundation today]. In the 1980s, the widower Thiébaud met the widow Margrit Tenger-Frey, daughter of his first employer, and the two were married in [[1993]]. They spent 8 years together in Bellmund before Henri Thiébaud died on March 1, [[2001]], with Margrit passing on October 15, [[2004]].
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| ===Family===
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| * Henri Thiébaud married Mathilde Weissmuller ([[1873]]?-December 21, [[1960]])
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| ** Henri Gustave Thiébaud (September 18, [[1906]]-March 1, [[2001]]) married [[1935]] Rachel Monnat (?-[[1980]]) married [[1993]] Margrit Tenger-Frey ([[1906]]?-October 15, [[2004]])
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| *** Francine Taini-Thiébaud ([[1937]]?-August [[1968]]) married Romeo Taini
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| **** Stéphane or Stephan Taini-Thiébaud (before 1960-after 2001)
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| **** Philippe Taini-Thiébaud (after 1960-after 2001)
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| ** Maurice-Louis Thiébaud ([[1909]]-April 21, [[1979]]) married Alice-Honora Stradella (?-after 1983?)
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| *** Manoëlle Thiébaud (before 1955) married Jean-Paul Gerber
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| *** Pierre-André Thiébaud
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| ** Mathilde Thiébaud ([[1904]]?-August 19, [[1955]])
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| * Jeanne-Hortense Thiébaud (September 6, [[1891]]-June 5, [[1992]]) married before 1960 Jämes Guinand
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| ** Madeline Guinand ([[1900]]?-September 13, [[1991]])
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| ** André Thiébaud married ? Larue
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| *** Michel Thiébaud
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| ** René Thiébaud married 1964? Gaby Tissot
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| ==Henri Thiébaud of Martel== | | ==Henri Thiébaud of Martel== |
Henri Thiébaud served on the board of Martel and Zenith in the 1960s and may be the same as Henri Gustave Thiebaud of Gruen and Frey & Co.
It is unclear of Henri Thiébaud of Buttes is the same person as Henri Thiébaud of Brot-Dessous. These villages are located on opposite ends of the Val-de-Travers but are less than 20 km apart. Brot-Dessous is particularly close to Ponts-de-Martel, home of Martel Watch Co and Le Locle, home of Zenith, is only a short distance to the north. Although it is likely that these were the same person, it is also possible that two different men of the same name, and coming from the same valley, were involved in the companies listed here. Both men apparently also lived in Saint-Blaise, a municipality along the lake shore just east of Neuchâtel, later in their lives.
1936 Henri Thiébaud and Arnold Thiébaud enter service at the Martel Watch Co.
Charles Henri Thiébaud of Brot-Dessous
Charles Henri Thiébaud of Brot-Dessous is noted in a 1938 filing to have transferred his watch glass manufacturing operation from La Chaux-de-Fonds to Bienne. It appears that he was commonly known as Charles Thiébaud.
Alfred-Henri Thiébaud, also of Brot-Dessous, was made a director of Machines Dixi in 1941.
Henri Thiébaud of Martel
In February 1961, Henri Thiébaud (along with Arnold Thiébaud, Charles Vermot and others) celebrated 25 years of service at the Martel Watch Co. as part of the company's 50th anniversary. This suggests that Henri split his time between Martel and Gruen or that these were two different men.
On December 30, 1961, Henri Thiébaud of Buttes, who lived in Saint-Blaise in Canton Neuchâtel, was appointed administrator of Zénith, which had recently purchased Martel Watch Co. This happened alongside Aurèle Maire, grandson of Martel Watch Co founder Georges Pellaton-Steudler and brother of Martel technical director Robert Maire. Maire came from Ponts-de-Martel and Brot-Dessous but lived in Bienne at this time, and was named technical director. The coincidences between Henri Thiébaud and Aurèle Maire's biography strongly suggests that Thiébaud was the same man who worked for Gruen, Frey, Martel, and Zénith.
On October 15, 1962, Henri Thiébaud of Brot-Dessous, who lived in Saint-Blaise, was appointed administrator of Martel Watch Co, which was owned by Zenith, replacing Jean-Pierre Hainard. This was the same meeting that saw René Aellen join management and Georges Pellaton-Rickli give up his role as vice president in favor of his brother, Raoul Pellaton. Thiébaud shares joint signing power with Pellaton-Rickli, son of the founder, and is thus a very high-level manager of the firm.
Connecting These Men
On June 23, 1969, Henri Thiébaud, chairman of Uhrenfabrik Frey, is noted as living in Saint-Blaise as managing director Aurèle Maire is noted to have moved to La Chaux-de-Fonds. The close connection between Thiébaud of Martel, Zenith, and Frey, and their work with Maire, suggest that they are the same.
Henri Thiébaud is removed from the board of Manufacture des Montres Zenith SA on July 3, 1972, as the company has been integrated into Zenith Time as part of Zenith Radio Company.